| Microorganism name |
Kluyveromyces lactis
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| Target proteins |
Beta-galactosidase (Bansal et al., 2008)
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| Wild-type or GMO |
Wild-type (Bansal et al., 2008)
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| Production mode (intracellular/extracellular) |
Intracellular (Bansal et al., 2008)
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| Protein yield (g/L or g/g?) |
Not reported in g/L, 4.27 U/mL (Bansal et al., 2008) **
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| Temperature used in study |
28°C (Bansal et al., 2008)
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| pH used in study |
pH 5.0 (Bansal et al., 2008)
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| C & N source |
Whey (Bansal et al., 2008)
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| Regulatory status in Europe |
EFSA approved beta-galactosidase from the the non-GMO K. lactis strain used by DSM (Lambré et al., 2022b)
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| Regulatory status in other parts of the world |
FDA GRAS approval in US. Not allowed in Canada
|
| Companies |
DSM (both GMO and non-GMO)
|
| Publications/references |
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Bansal, S., Oberoi, H. S., Dhillon, G. S., & Patil, R. T. (2008). Production of β-galactosidase by Kluyveromyces marxianus MTCC 1388 using whey and effect of four different methods of enzyme extraction on β-galactosidase activity. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 48(3), 337–341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-008-0019-0
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Lambré, C., Baviera, J. M. B., Bolognesi, C., Cocconcelli, P. S., Crebelli, R., Gott, D. M., Grob, K., Lampi, E., Mengelers, M., Mortensen, A., Rivière, G., Steffensen, I., Tlustos, C., Van Loveren, H., Vernis, L., Zorn, H., Glandorf, B., Lunardi, S., Liu, Y., . . . Chesson, A. (2022b). Safety evaluation of the food enzyme β‐galactosidase from the non‐genetically modified Kluyveromyces lactis strain GAL. EFSA Journal, 20(10). https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7574
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Spohner, S. C., Schaum, V., Quitmann, H., & Czermak, P. (2016). Kluyveromyces lactis: An emerging tool in biotechnology. Journal of Biotechnology, 222, 104–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.02.023
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Barba, D., Beolchini, F., Del Re, G., Di Giacomo, G., & Veglió, F. (2001). Kinetic analysis of Kluyveromyces lactis fermentation on whey: batch and fed-batch operations. Process Biochemistry, 36(6), 531–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0032-9592(00)00242-9
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Gomes, A. M. V., Carmo, T. S., Carvalho, L. S., Bahia, F. M., & Parachin, N. S. (2018). Comparison of Yeasts as Hosts for Recombinant Protein Production. Microorganisms, 6(2), 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms6020038
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Van Ooyen, A. J., Dekker, P., Huang, M., Olsthoorn, M. M., Jacobs, D. I., Colussi, P. A., & Taron, C. H. (2006). Heterologous protein production in the yeastKluyveromyces lactis. FEMS Yeast Research, 6(3), 381–392. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1567-1364.2006.00049.x
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Fonseca, G. G., Heinzle, E., Wittmann, C., & Gombert, A. K. (2008). The yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus and its biotechnological potential. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 79(3), 339–354. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1458-6
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